SignalP 4.1 Server

SignalP 4.1 server predicts the presence and location of signal peptide cleavage sites in amino acid sequences from different organisms: Gram-positive prokaryotes, Gram-negative prokaryotes, and eukaryotes. The method incorporates a prediction of cleavage sites and a signal peptide/non-signal peptide prediction based on a combination of several artificial neural networks.

View the version history of this server. All the previous versions are available on line, for comparison and reference.

NEW (August 2017): A book chapter on SignalP 4.1 has been published:

Predicting Secretory Proteins with SignalP
Henrik Nielsen
In Kihara, D (ed): Protein Function Prediction (Methods in Molecular Biology vol. 1611) pp. 59-73, Springer 2017.
doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7015-5_6
PMID: 28451972

FAQ

Article abstracts

Instructions

Output format

Performance

Data

SignalP 4.0: discriminating signal peptides from transmembrane regions
Thomas Nordahl Petersen, Søren Brunak, Gunnar von Heijne & Henrik Nielsen
Nature Methods, 8:785-786, 2011

doi: 10.1038/nmeth.1701
PMID: 21959131
Supplementary materials: nmeth.1701-S1.pdf

Other relevant papers:

• Original paper (version 1.0):

  Identification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic signal peptides and prediction of their cleavage sites.
  Henrik Nielsen, Jacob Engelbrecht, Søren Brunak and Gunnar von Heijne.
  Protein Engineering, 10:1-6, 1997.

  View the abstract.

• SignalP-HMM (version 2.0):

  Prediction of signal peptides and signal anchors by a hidden Markov model.
  Henrik Nielsen and Anders Krogh.
  Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology (ISMB 6),
  AAAI Press, Menlo Park, California, pp. 122-130, 1998.

  View the abstract.

• Version 3.0:

  Improved prediction of signal peptides: SignalP 3.0.
  Jannick Dyrløv Bendtsen, Henrik Nielsen, Gunnar von Heijne and Søren Brunak.
  J. Mol. Biol., 340:783-795, 2004.

  View the abstract.         Download the full article in PDF.

• Paper about using SignalP and other protein subcellular localization prediction methods:

  Locating proteins in the cell using TargetP, SignalP, and related tools
  Olof Emanuelsson, Søren Brunak, Gunnar von Heijne, Henrik Nielsen
  Nature Protocols 2:953-971 (2007).
  

  Access the paper and supplementary materials.

PORTABLE VERSION

Would you prefer to run SignalP at your own site? SignalP 4.1 is available as a stand-alone software package, with the same functionality as the service above. Ready-to-ship packages exist for Mac OS X (Darwin), Windows (Cygwin), and the most common UNIX platforms. There is a download page for academic users; other users are requested to contact CBS Software Package Manager at software@cbs.dtu.dk.

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